Impairments_12

Crime and Delinquency
Juvenile Delinquency: Conduct by a juvenile (under 18) characterized by antisocial behavior that is beyond parental control and therefore subject to legal action
 not punishable by death or life imprisonment
.
Crime: Patterns of behavior that deviate from cultural norms and threaten the welfare of others.
Characteristics:
Considered multidimensional issues - both genes and environment do play a role in the criminality of an individual
Circumstances: criminal parents, dysfunctional families, low verbal intelligence quotients, poor school performance, substance abuse and poverty.
“The social evolution of a future criminal begins with parental neglect and the youth’s acceptance by aggressive, hostile classmates at school.” (Carter & Andel, 2011).

•substance abuse    •poor judgement
•lack of impulse control    •low motivation
•sensation seeking    •low self-worth
•participation in negative leisure activities •low self-esteem
•no constructive activities in free time  •family problems
•underachievement in sports   •Alienation
•lack self-motivation    •Rebelliousness
•Difficulty managing daily living tasks and  •low harm avoidance
interpersonal relations.
CONSEQUENCES:
•suicide
•delinquency
•substance abuse
Statistics:
2012 Census Bureau: 73.8 million youth under the age of 18 in the United States, 1.3 million delinquency cases.
Of the male inmates in the U.S. serving time, over half are serving time for violent offenses, while the predominant offenses committed by women tend to property crimes or drug violations (nonviolent). - (Carter & Andel, 2011)
World-wide, violence is the leading cause of death for people aged 15-44 years...accounting for 14% of deaths among males and 7% of deaths among females (WHO, 2009).
Preventing Delinquent Behavior:
•Recreational activities fill unsupervised after-school hours. –Department of Education
•Recreation programs allow youths to connect with other adults and children in the community.
•Such positive friendships may assist children in later years.
TR Application:
Goals:
•Improving academic achievement.
•Social skill development.
•Recreation
•Opportunities for adolescents to develop
•Grow to become fully functioning adults.
•Autonomy
•Identity development
•Positive social relationships
•Learning conflict resolution
Some TR steps that can be taken if a client with a history of delinquent behavior comes to a TRS would be to utilize the APIE process.
Some theories and models that are backed by evidenced based practice in helping with delinquent youth are:
• Leisure Well-Being model
• Self-Determination and Enjoyment Enhancement model
• Resiliency theory
• Self-Determination theory
• Self-Efficacy theory
• Behavior Modification Theory
• Choice Theory
Activities:
•Physical activity has been identified as a strategy that improves social and emotional well-being in at-risk youth.
•Youth programs are designed to fit the personalities and skills of different children.
•sports, dancing, music, rock climbing, drama, karate, bowling, art, and other activities.
Videos:
“Do you girls do drugs?” - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=baqyAW2xy6M
“Meet Jordan” - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qAARVp9bt7s
“Beyond Scared Straight” - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WqycREfVZAU
“Anasazi” - https://youtu.be/zErq3M7X_kQ and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZoqrnkncLpU